Phoneme sequence-to-speech conversion in dynamic phonological models: A survey

This survey is devoted to dynamic models that model how a discrete phoneme sequence becomes converted to the corresponding continuous flow of articulations. The key concepts of modern dynamic models are discussed: articulatory model, control parameters, articulation goals and gestures, pronunciation effort economy principle, etc. The results of research conducted by specialists from Haskins Laboratories (articulatory phonology, task dynamic model), as well as by Japanese scientists (mostly from Waseda University) are presented. The survey is illustrated by both model examples and real articulatory X-ray microbeam measurements.