Non-standard negations in Russian: external, shifted, global and radical negation.

The notion of presupposition, which came into linguistics from logic, brought into existence the notion of assertion. Hence the notion of standard negation – the negation which negates the assertion and preserves the presuppositions. The paper deals with non-standard negations. The fi rst example is displaced negation, a construction in which the negative particle is attached to the verb, and not to the word bearing the main phrasal accent (Ja ne obvinjaju ego v nacionalizme ‘I don’t accuse him of nationalism’), so that it is unclear what is asserted and what is negated. Another non-standard negation is wide scope, or global negation. It owes its existence to a communicative transformation of a sentence as a result of which the adverbial that was initially the semantic head of the sentence, lowers its status and falls within the scope of the preverbal negation, as if it were an argument of the verb (Ona ne stanet menjat’ svoi plany iz-za tebja ‘she won’t change her plans because of you’). The main attention is drawn to the construction with radical negation: it seems at fi rst sight that this negation negates presupposition. It is demonstrated that negative sentences with this construction have no non-negative counterpart. Thus, the presupposition, in any case, preserves its status of a non-negatable semantic component.